About Forrester
Forrester Research, Inc. is an independent research company that provides pragmatic and forward-thinking advice to global leaders in business and technology.

Duncan primarily contributes to Forrester's offerings for Sourcing & Vendor Management Professionals. He is a leading expert on software pricing and licensing and helps clients understand and address the effect of technology changes on software contracts. By researching enterprises' experience in dealing with large software vendors, including their negotiation successes and the problems they encountered later in the relationship, Duncan helps clients create and execute sound negotiation strategies and get advantageous software license and maintenance agreements.
He is also a leading expert on ePurchasing technologies, such as eProcurement, eSourcing, and electronic invoice presentment and payment (EIPP), and he advises clients on their application strategy in this area, how to make good choices between alternative solution providers, and how to get the best results from implementation.
Prior to joining Forrester, Duncan worked for QAD, an international provider of enterprise solutions for manufacturing companies in various product management and product marketing roles. Most recently, he had global responsibility for radical changes to QAD's pricing and licensing strategy.
Duncan qualified as a chartered accountant with KPMG and then joined Courtaulds, a diverse multinational manufacturing company. He held various line finance and IT roles before becoming project manager in a corporate team, managing systems-enabled business improvement projects around the world.
Duncan has a first-class degree in mathematics from Hertford College at the University of Oxford and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.
Procure-To-Pay Specialists Ariba And Basware Still Lead, But The ERP Suites Have Closed The Gap
In Forrester's 70-criteria evaluation of eProcurement solutions, we found that Ariba and Basware led the pack because of their superior user experience and wider supplier enablement capability....
Basware Leads For Products That Streamline The Invoice-To-Pay Process, But Other Vendors Also Have Strong Offerings
In Forrester's 78-criteria evaluation of accounts payable electronic invoice presentment and payment (AP-EIPP) vendors, we found that Basware leads the pack, closely followed by Ariba, JPMorgan Xign,...
Software Sourcing Leaders Should Create Sourcing Strategies That Take Advantage Of Profound Changes In The Software Market
In 2011, Forrester expects to see major changes in the pricing and licensing approaches of traditional software providers. Increasing tension between vendors' insatiable demands for revenue and...
Negotiations with Microsoft can be a daunting challenge for a sourcing and vendor management team. Not only is it likely to represent a major financial commitment, but Microsoft's unique terminology,...
Upside Software Leads The ePurchasing Suites And ERP Giants In Our Evaluation Of Specialist CLM Products
Contract life-cycle management (CLM) products are more than merely document repositories; they streamline the authoring process, aid compliance tracking, and reduce overall contract administration...

How To Get A Good Deal On Licenses And Maintenance, Be They For Database, Middleware, Or Application Software
Oracle's pricing is necessarily complex because of its wide portfolio. Regulatory restrictions, coupled with its size, have caused it to adopt highly centralized approval processes that can make...
Ariba, Emptoris, And Oracle E-Business Suite Are The Leading Tools For Enterprises Wanting To Improve Their Online Strategic Sourcing
In Forrester's 54-criteria evaluation of eSourcing vendors, we found that Ariba, Emptoris, and Oracle E-Business Suite are Leaders, due to their support for global program management and advanced...
IT Sourcing Executives Can Take Advantage Of Increasing Flexibility To Obtain The Cost Savings They Need
It's one of the unwritten rules of software that maintenance costs only go up — never down. But we used to say that about house prices too. Today, software vendors are coming under increasing...
Selecting an enterprise applications vendor is a systematic process of elimination. A variety of tools are available to bring about a sound decision, but tradeoffs often occur between the level of...
Services Procurement And EIPP Are Hottest, Supplier Performance And Automated Spend Analysis Show Promise, But Supplier Portals Start To Decline
Forrester has used its TechRadar™ on the various subcategories of ePurchasing software to identify which offer the most reliable and fastest-growing sources of business value. We found that...
Buyers May Need To Refine Their Microsoft Licensing And Adoption Strategies
Forrester has studied Microsoft's recent pricing and licensing changes and found several that could have profound implications for enterprise IT departments, including price increases and repackaging...

An Evaluation Framework To Test How Potential Buyers Will React To Your Software Licensing Model
Poorly designed software pricing can limit sales opportunities, extend sales cycles, restrict upselling, and reduce maintenance renewals. Forrester has identified five qualities of good software...
Technology-Savvy Buyers Can Spot Contract Gaps That Lawyers Will Miss
When working with individual clients, Forrester sees many software license agreements that are not fit for the intended purpose. Some common problems: the contracts fail to explain clearly what the...
Accounts payable electronic invoice presentment and processing (AP-EIPP) applications help companies automate their invoice-to-pay (I2P) processes. Inefficient manual processing can cost $20 or more...
Rapid technology evolution continually undermines familiar software pricing and licensing constructs. Forrester regularly highlights important issues that affect IT sourcing and vendor management...

Firms Must Look Beyond Discounts And Address Long-Term Flexibility
Sourcing and vendor management professionals involved in negotiations with SAP feel caught between their managers' expectations and the vendor's dominant negotiating position. However, vendor...
Demand For Applications To Streamline Buy-Side Invoice-To-Pay Processes Will Continue To Grow Rapidly
Most invoices start life in order management applications and end up in accounts payable (AP) products, yet almost all must first become paper, processed by expensive, slow, and error-prone human...
Control The Process To Minimize The Risk Of Unexpected Charges
There's nothing wrong with software companies doing license audits — they have to protect their intellectual property (IP) — but sometimes audits can be painful, or even terminal, for IT...
Continuous Improvement: The Strategic Software Sourcing Playbook
This report describes how sourcing and vendor management leaders can practice continuous improvement as part of Forrester's strategic software sourcing approach. Software asset management (SAM), as...
Software Sourcing Managers Should Understand The Licensing Impact Of Their Colleagues' Plans For Server Virtualization
Software license agreements that vendors created and buyers accepted years ago fail to make clear how definitions of hardware-based metrics such as per-processor apply to today's virtualized data...
Negotiate Important Contract Changes To Prevent Later Headaches
IT sourcing managers who expect to buy a lot from Oracle over the next two or three years should take a good look at its unlimited license agreement (ULA). Oracle has pioneered this type of deal,...
How To Get The Most From Negotiations With This Powerful Supplier
Oracle is a successful, growing technology giant that generates many questions from sourcing and vendor management professionals. You ask us how you know if you've got a good deal — and how to...
Sourcing Professionals Should Consider These Companies When Looking For Global Value-Added Resellers (VARs)
Recent developments in the technology industry mean that VARs must focus more on the value-add part of the role they play; that's where the money is and what clients demand. Sourcing and vendor ...
Use This Tool To Identify And Fix Common Problems In Software License Agreements
You've been given a 30-page software contract, with no time to review it properly and an impossible deadline by which to issue a purchase order. Moreover, the contract includes URL links to various...
Recent Price Cuts Could Make It Sourcing Managers' Best Licensing Option
Many enterprises are considering upgrading to new Microsoft products, but they lack the capital budget and are worried about the double impact of software depreciation and Software Assurance (SA) on...