A decade ago, high-performance computing (HPC) was outrageously expensive. For many, it wasn’t worth exploring. Cloud has removed this hurdle — just as the need for complex simulations, massive data analytics, and AI has gained sizable traction across every industry. As cloud has matured, so have cloud-based HPC offerings. This report helps infrastructure and operations (I&O) professionals explore newly available HPC options, learn key best practices, and identify industry-level use cases to explore.