Today's efficiency-driven, cost-cutting business climate, coupled with the mandate for human resource (HR) professionals to become strategic people managers, has compelled many firms to consider comprehensive human resource outsourcing (HRO). Discretely outsourcing processes such as benefits and payroll is nothing new. Comprehensive HRO is different — it is defined as outsourcing multiple processes and technologies to a single vendor. As HR professionals look to remove administrative tasks to focus on the strategic ones, it is important to understand the real reasons to outsource, including the historical challenges with comprehensive HRO, the different models offered by HRO providers, and how to successfully implement the change.